Air conditioning system



Feb. 20, 1940. H. BYLAND 2,190,822

`AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM Filed April z, 195s 28 M. a* 7 35%* 5 a] /3 e e :a l g ;\;/8 5 l 2X i 17a/@mi E L V" 32 Z f 2 Patented Feb. 20, 1940 y l2,190,822 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM Hans Byland, Winterthur, Switzerland, assignor to Sulzer Frres, Socit Anonyme, Winterthur,

Switzerland Application April 2, 193s, serial No. 72,376

In Switzerland April 8, 1935 2 Claims.

This invention relates to an air conditioning system, more particularly to such a system in which the moisture content of the air is controlled by the addition of air dried in a drying 5 apparatus and the temperature of the air is controiled by providing a cooling surface in the room which is to be supplied with conditioned air, the surface temperature of said cooling surface being equal to or higher than the temperature corresponding to the dew point of the air in said room.

An object of the present invention reside'svin the provision 'of an air conditioning system 'of the character described in the paragraph next above in which the work required for drying the airis reduced by reducing the amount of air which is supplied to the room or rooms which must be provided with conditioned air.

A further objectlof this invention resides in the provision of an air conditioning system in which the walls of the room or rooms to be supplied with conditioned air serve as cooling surface or `in which the cooling surfaces are provided in an air channel which directly commu- 25 nicates with the room to be supplied with condltioned air.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning system in which the cold for the cooling surfaces may be generated artificially and in which the blower which supplies the air, the refrigerator which generates the cold for drying the air, and the pump which transports the cooling agent for the cooling surfaces are all driven by the same motor.

Air conditioning for livingrooms in hot and damp regions is particularly difllcult because also the considerable heat must be removed which is caused by the radiation of the sun or introduced in another manner into the living rooms. If this 0 heat is removed by Ventilating, large amounts of air are required which must be dried before they are introduced into the rooms, for which a large amount of power is needed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioning system which involves low first and low operating cost for maintain.

ing temperature and moisture conditions of the air in rooms in territories having a hot and damp climate. f

A further object of this invention is to provide an air conditioning system in'whichV the surface temperature of the cooling surfaces isnot lower than the temperature which correspondsto the dew point of the air inthe rooms to be conditioned and in which, therefore, the

cold for cooling said surfaces need not be generated articially and in which the capacity of the refrigerating plant can be small.

Another object of this invention is the provision of an air conditioning systemin which parts of the walls of the rooms to be conditioned such as the ceiling and/or the side walls serve as cooling surfaces, whereby, due to the great size of these surfaces, condensation of moisture is avoided even if said walls are cooled by a cooling agent of very low temperature.

Further and other objects of the present invention will be hereinafter set forth in the accompanying specication and claims and shown in the drawing which, by way of illustration, show what I now consider to be a preferred embodiment of my invention.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic layout of a plant according tothe present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a. modicaton of a detail of the present invention.

Fig. 3. is a diagrammatic layout of. a modified plant according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic layout of another modification of a. plant according to the present invention.

Like parts are designated by like numerals in all figures of the drawing.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1 of the drawing, blower 3 draws atmospheric air through intake 'l and duct 8 and blows it through conduit 8 into drier Ill from which it enters the air main II. Air duct I2 is branched off said main II and terminates in room I4 which is to' be supplied with conditioned air. A valve or damper I 3 is provided in duct I2 for adjusting the amount of air supplied to room I4. Dld air may leave room I4 through untight windows and doors or a special exhaust duct may be provided which is not shown.

4 represents a compressor which delivers a compressed cooling agent, for example, ammonia through conduit I-5 into condenser coil I6 which is located in container I'I; at the upper end of condenser I6 an expansion valve I8 is provided. To valve I8, the evaporator .coil IS is connected which is located within apparatus III and terminates into the suction conduit 20 of compressor 4, the output of which can be controlled by control means 2I provided in conduit 20.

Through suction conduit 22, pump 5 draws cold ground water and delivers it through pressure conduit 23 into cold water main 26. Conduit 24 is branched off conduit 23 and conducts water into container II. 'I'he amount of water conducted through conduit 24 is controlled by valve 25 provided in said conduit. Conduit 2'I takes the water from water main 25 into the cooling systems 28, 29, and 30 which are built into the upper parts of the walls and into the ceiling of room I4, which parts and ceiling serve as cooling surfaces for temperature conditioning the air in the room. The amount of cold water supplied to systems 28, 29, and 30 can be Acontrolled by manipulating valve 3| in conduit 21. The cooling tube systems .28, 29, 30 may be arranged in series with respect to the flow of the water as shown, or they may be arranged in parallel with respect to the ow of the cooling water. The cooling tube systems as welll as container I'I are connected with discharge pipe 33 by `means of conduits 32, 32', and 32".

Blower 3, compressor 4, and water pump 5 are all connected to and operated by electric motor Ii.

The plant operates as follows: if in room I4 the air temperature should be 82.4 F. and the moisture content be 55%, the amount of vapor is 91 grains per pound of air and the dew point of this air is at 64.4 F. The moisture content of the air in room I4 is controlled by the addition of artificially dried air coming from conduit I2, which latter air absorbs part of the moisture of the air in room I4. The air coming through intake 'I from the outside and having a high moisture content is `cooled in apparatus I to a temperature which may be much below 64 F. in order to obtain a great drying effect and to reduce the amount of dry air required for drying the air in room I4 and to thereby reduce the work required from blower 3.

The drying of the air takes place as follows: the cold carrier which is compressed in compressor 4 is condensed in condenser I5 by means of the cooling water entering container il through and being controlled by valve 25; the liqueed'cooling agent is then expanded in expansion valve I8 to the suction pressure of compressor 4, which pressure prevails in evaporator I9. The output of compressor 4 is adjusted by valve 2i in such manner that the damp air entering apparatus Ill is cooled to the desired temperature by evaporator I9 which consists of one or more tube coils. Moisture contained in the air is thereby condensed and the condensate removed from apparatus Ill through the drain 34. The air treated in this manner absorbs, at the temperature in room I 4 of 82.4 F., a; considerable amount of moisture without exceeding a moisture' content of 55%. v

The temperature of the air in room I4 is controlled by the cooling surfaces of the side walls and the ceiling, the surface temperature of which is not lower than the temperature corresponding to the dew point of the air in the room. In the example which has been developed] in the paragraphs next above, this surface temperature is at least 64.4 F. and is maintained oy the ilow of cold water through tube systems 2B, 29, 39. The heat of the air is transmitted to the cooling surfaces not only by convection and conduction but also by radiation to said cooling surfaces. Heat transmission by radiation is particularly facilitated by building the cooling sur-y faces into the walls of the room and the large area of the thus obtained cooling surfaces which directly face the room to be cooled. The arrangement of the cooling surfaces in the upper part of room I4 causes an advantageous circulation of the air.

In the modification according to Fig. 2, the tube system 28' is built within channel 35 so that not only wall36, which is a wall of room I4,

due to the cooling tube system suspended there.

on, serves as cooling surface for room I4, but also channel 35 which communicates with both ends with room I4 and aids in causing additional cooling and circulation of the air in said room.

If water of a suiciently low temperature is available, for example from a Well, the parts 4, I5, I6, I'I, I8, I9, 20, and 2| may be dispensed with and apparatus I0 be operated with said coldwater. Such an arrangement is diagrammatically shown in Fig. 3.v The cold water is conducted to apparatus I0 through conduit 24' and its amount is controlled by valve 25; it comes in direct contact with theair in apparatus I0 and water and condensed moisture from the air leaves apparatus I0' through outlet 34. In this manner the air is also cleansed.

Instead of using cold water as cooling agent for the tube systems 28 to 38, the cooling agent prepared by pump 4 and condenser I6, for example the vapor emerging from evaporator I9 may be used. Such an arrangement vis diagrammatically shown in Fig. 4'. The vapor emerging from coil or coils I9 isv conducted into main 26 and therefrom into the cooling tube systems. It returns therefrom into pump 4 to be once more compressed and condensed; Pump then serves onlyv for circulating cold` groundl water through condenser I l'.

It is obvious that one air drier may serve for supplying dried air to a plurality of rooms, or individual driers may be provided for individual rooms and such driers be located within or` outside ofthe rooms to be supplied with dried air.

While I believe the above described embodiments of my invention to be preferred embodiments, I-wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of process, design and construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

What is claimed is:

1. An air conditioning plant for a room comprising an air drier located outside of said room, air transport means transporting fresh outside air through said drier into said room for drying the air in said room by adding dry air thereto, refrigerating means providing an operating agent for said drier, cooling surfaces integral with the walls of said room other transport means transporting a` cooling agent through said cooling surfaces, and a motor connected to and driving said rst mentioned as well as said second and third mentioned means.

2. An air conditioning system for a room having Walls, said system comprising cooling means which are integral with said Walls, an air drier I `said drier for operating said drier and through said cooling means.

HANS BYLAND. 

